A cervical cancer risk factor is something that may increase a persons chance of developing this type of cancer. Using immunosuppressant drugs is a possible risk factor for cervical cancer. You will find out more about the factors that increase the chance of developing cervical cancer. The list below shows videos about cervical cancer that have been posted on cdcs youtube channel. Cervical cancer begins in the lining of the cervix and usually grows slowly. Leading risk factors for preventable cancers are smoking, getting too much uv radiation from the sun or tanning beds, being overweight or having obesity, and drinking too much alcohol. Jan 27, 2020 cervical cancer is usually caused by alterations in the cervix that take place slowly over time.
Anything that increases your risk of getting a disease is called a risk factor. However, several factors may increase the chance that you will get uterine cancer, including if you. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence, mortality, and geographical distribution of cervical cancer and its risk factors in the world. Cervical cancer can often be found early, and sometimes even prevented entirely, by having regular pap tests. Knowledge of cervical cancer and uptake of screening test. These risk factors can be broken down into three different groups. Women without any of these risk factors rarely develop cervical cancer. If detected early, cervical cancer is one of the most successfully treatable cancers.
Informed consent for hpv vaccination can be another communication opportunity to educate parents and girls. This dataset focuses on the prediction of indicatorsdiagnosis of cervical cancer. The overall or for cervical cancer associated with hpv positivity by any hpv type was 119, and strong associations with risk of squamous cell carcinoma were observed for the eight most common hpv types found in this population types 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, 58, and 59. Early age at first sexual intercourse and early pregnancy.
Perception and risk factors for cervical cancer among women. International agency for research on cancer iarc classifies the role of this risk factor in cancer development. Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in women living in less developed regions with an estimated 570 000 new cases 1 in 2018 84% of the new cases worldwide. Targeted interventions including increasing availability of hpv vaccination, population.
Hailemariam t, yohannes b, aschenaki h, mamaye e, orkaido g, et al. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. The most common histologic types of cervical cancer are squamous cell 69 percent of cervical cancers and adenocarcinoma 25 percent. The features cover demographic information, habits, and historic medical records. Here are some risk factors of getting cervical cancer. Symptoms, risk and diagnosis infection of the cervix with human papillomavirus hpv is almost always the cause of cervical cancer. The aims of this study were to investigate the prevalence of cervical neoplasia and examine factors associated with highgrade cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions hsil among women taking part in a cervical cancer screening program in beijing. Therefore, monogamy, late commencement of sexual activity, personal hygiene.
Etiology of cervical cancer c53 in central and south america. For example, exposing skin to strong sunlight is a risk factor for skin cancer. Pdf awareness about cervical cancer risk factors and. Cervical cancer risk factors hpv infection extremely common in women who have ever had sex cannot be treated, but cervical changes and warts can be treated having an hpv infection does not mean you will get cervical cancer. Some hpv types can cause changes on a womans cervix that can lead to cervical cancer over time, while other types can cause genital or skin warts. Even if a person with cancer has a risk factor, it is usually hard to know how much that risk factor contributed to the development of their disease. Researchers analyzed data from 28 studies that included 12,531 women with cervical cancer. Having one or more risk factors does not mean that you will definitely get cervical cancer. Lack of awareness of risk factors and symptoms for cancer may leads to late diagnosis and poor. The cervical cancer dataset contains indicators and risk factors for predicting whether a woman will get cervical cancer. Prevalence of cervical cancer and associated risk factors. If you are worried about cervical cancer, gynaehealth uk have developed gynaecheck, a simple testing kit that you can do in the comfort of your own home.
The awareness of cervical cancer has increased due to the introduction of the national program of early screening of breast and cervical cancer and thanks to the efforts of health staff, media, and civil society associations. Epidemiologic classification of human papillomavirus types associated with cervical cancer pdf. Infection with some types of hpv is the greatest risk factor for cervical cancer, followed by smoking. Many people have at least 1 risk factor but will never develop cancer, while others with cancer may have had no known risk factors. Learn more about the risk factors for cervical cancer. The aim of the study is to understand the prevalence and risk factors for cervical cancer and pre cancerous lesions among rwandan women between 30 and 50 old undergoing screening. Mar 25, 2019 this is why it is important for a woman to have a routine pap smear to detect the early stages of cervical cancer and prevent the spread of the disease. Providing cervical cancer information to older women and mothers of the girls being offered vaccination is a potential way to involve parents. Almost all cervical cancers are caused by human papillomavirus hpv, a common virus that can be passed from one person to another during sex. Risk factors for breast cancer in women iv other factors appeared to have a moderate level of increased risk rr 1.
Statistics rates of cervical cancer have gone down in the united states. Prevention of cervical cancer among pairs of nepali. The overall or for cervical cancer associated with hpv positivity by any hpv type was 119, and strong associations with risk of squamous cell carcinoma were observed for the eight most common hpv types found in this population. A risk factor is anything that augments your chances of getting a disease such as cancer. But having a risk factor, or even several, does not mean that you will get the disease. Pdf prevalence and risk factors of cervical cancer among. This file contains a list of risk factors for cervical cancer leading to a biopsy examination. Prevalence and risk factors for cervical neoplasia.
Comprehensive cervical cancer prevention and control. Doctors have pointed out that hpv infection is the cause factor for cervical cancer. Although these risk factors can increase the odds of developing cervical cancer, many women with these risks do not develop this disease. The aim of this study was to investigate risk factors for cervical cancer in turkish. In most cases, hpv infection will clear on its own. There is some evidence that these drugs may increase the risk for cervical cancer in women who have received an organ transplant. The human papilloma viruses that cause cervical cancer are transmitted through vaginal, oral, or anal sex with a partner whos contracted the virus. Pdf awareness of cervical cancer risk factors and symptoms.
A 2006 study from the united states suggested that, overall, breast cancer risk is not increased in des daughters, but that, after age 40, des daughters have approximately twice the risk of breast cancer as unexposed women of the same age and with similar risk factors. The features include demographic data such as age, lifestyle, and medical history. Some hpv types can cause changes on a womans cervix that can lead to cervical cancer over time, while other types can cause genital or skin wart. For example, smoking is a risk factor for many cancers.
Some 19 kinds of hpv have been linked to cervical cancer. Pdf lack of awareness of risk factors and symptoms for cancer may lead to late diagnosis and poor prognosis. A risk factor is anything that affects your chance of getting a disease such as cancer. Etiology of cervical cancer global cancer observatory iarc. This study aimed at screening for cervical cancer using papanicolaou smear and to. Screening for cervical cancer can be done during an appointment with a primary care doctor or a gynecologic specialist. Our results are supportive of the hypothesis that early age at first sexual intercourse and history of genital infection is related with the risk factors for cervical cancer. Sep 05, 2019 several risk factors can increase your chance of developing cervical cancer. Cervical cancer symptoms, risk factors, and treatments.
The results show that early afsi and early afp are risk factors for cervical cancer, irrespective of other known risk factors for the disease. The risk factors for cervical cancer are early incidence of first sexual intercourse, multiparity, tobacco. Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer and cause of cancer related death for women worldwide. To determine the types of cervical cancer and risk factors among women and the possible relationship between the risk factors and each specific type of cervical cancer. A positive response to chlamydia infection as a risk of cervical cancer was 19. Cervical cancer is a cancer arising from the cervix. Aug 07, 2019 almost all cervical cancers are caused by human papillomavirus hpv, a common virus that can be passed from one person to another during sex. And although, having one or more of these risk factors means an increased risk of cervical cancer, it does not guarantee you will get the disease.
Cervical cancer can be prevented by avoiding risk factors and undergoing regular screening tests. Risk factors for cervical cancer a risk factor is any factor that is associated with increasing someones chances of developing a certain condition, such as cancer. Most cervical cancer risk factors relate to increased exposure to hpv or decreased ability to clear the virus immunologically. There is no way to know for sure if you will get uterine cancer. Cervical cancer risk factors risk factors for cervical. However, doctors do know that a woman with certain risk factors may be more likely than others to develop the disease. Risk factors for cervical cancer canadian cancer society. In 2018, approximately 311 000 women died from cervical cancer. These factors raise the risk of developing cervical cancer. Risk factors for cervical cancer a risk factor is anything that increases your chance of gettinga disease such as cancer. Risks and causes cervical cancer cancer research uk. Doctors cannot always explain why one woman will develop cervical cancer and another woman will not.
Risk factors for cervical cancer cancer screening iarc. Awareness of cervical cancer risk factors and symptoms. Cervical cancer causes, risk factors, and prevention cancer. Diabetes mellitus was also reported to be another risk factor for developing cervical cancer. It has now been proven that hpv is the major causative factor of carcinoma of the cervix. The who guide is a response to the world health assembly resolution on cancer prevention and control wha58. Prevalence and risk factors of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. It is due to the abnormal growth of cells that have the ability to invade or spread to other parts of the body. Despites the growing number of cervical cancer cases in ethiopia, still there is a gap in knowledge of risk factors. There are several ways to reduce the risk of cervical cancer or hpv. Cervical cancer risk factors risk factors for cervical cancer. The present study aims to assess the risk factors for cervical cancer in women aged 2580 years.
Cervical cancer screening whilst undergoing cervical cancer screening will not prevent cervical cancer, it can help to detect cancers in their earliest stages so you can get treatment early. About 11,000 new cases of invasive cervical cancer are diagnosed each year in the u. Thankfully, not all infections with hpv cause cervical cancer. Women with an age at first intercourse of 17 years or less had a 23fold higher risk of cancer than those with first intercourse at 20 years or older. But having a risk factor, or even several, does not. A risk factor is anything that increases a persons chance of developing cancer. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence and associated risk factors of cervical cancer among clients that have been screened for cervical cancer in yirgalem general hospital. Some risk factors are modifiable, such as lifestyle or environmental risk factors, and others cannot be modified, such as family history and inherited factors. Prevalence and risk factors for cervical cancer and pre. Cervical cancer is the th most common cancer in women in the uk. Risk factors for cervical cancer jos cervical cancer trust. This dataset is obtained from uci repository and kindly acknowledged.
Jun 26, 2019 the human papilloma viruses that cause cervical cancer are transmitted through vaginal, oral, or anal sex with a partner whos contracted the virus. This means that it has been linked with cervical cancer, but there is not enough evidence to show for sure that it is a risk factor. Deciding on the kind of treatment depends on several factors. Knowledge, early signs and symptoms, risk factors and. Cervical cancer is the second most common malignancy in women worldwide with a high incidence in underdeveloped countries and nigeria is one of these countries. Learn how to lower your risk and about the symptoms, risk factors, screening tests, and diagnosis and treatment for cervical cancer. International collaboration of epidemiological studies of cervical cancer found that diabetes is a risk factor for cancer of the uterine corpus and documented positive association between it and cancer of the vulva and vagina12. Cervical cancer treatment options include surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or combinations of these. An important cervical cancer risk factor that you can control is to avoid exposure to human papillomavirus hpv, which is associated with cervical cancer. Hpv and cervical cancer risk factors canadian cancer. However, one of the main risk factors for this disease is human papillomavirus hpv according to the centers for disease control and prevention cdc, hpv is the most commonly sexually transmitted infection sti in the united states. Additionally, a diagnosis of another sti, such as chlamydia, gonorrhea. Hpv types 16, 18, 31, 33, and 45 are mostly related with invasive carcinoma of the cervix.
The cervix is the lower part of the uterus that connects to the top of the vagina. Cervical cancer risk factors cancer screening gynaehealth uk. Hpv16 was the most common hpv type in squamous cell carcinoma 60% of the positives, followed by hpv18 18%. Symptoms, risk and diagnosis cervical cancer siteman. A 2003 analysis by the international agency for research on cancer found an increased risk of cervical cancer with longer use of ocs. Pooled data from eight casecontrol studies on invasive cervical cancer and two studies on carcinoma in situ. Risk factors for cervical cancer while high risk hpv is the cause of 99. Only women with persistent hpv where the virus does not go away are at risk for cervical cancer. Cervical cancer causes, risk factors, and prevention risk factors.
Comprehensive cervical cancer control world health organization. While there could be several factors putting women at risk for cervical cancer but for almost all cervical cancer cases the cause remains to be an infection from human papillomavirus hpv. This content is reproduced from the centers for disease control and prevention cdc. Although risk factors often influence the development of cancer, most do not directly cause cancer.
It has been noted that chronic infection caused by high risk hpvs, especially hpv 16 and hpv18, is more likely to cause cervical cancer. Human papillomavirus hpv, a sexually transmitted infection, is the leading risk factor. Cervical cancer causes, risk factors, and prevention. In some areas, free or lowcost screening may be available. The risk of cervical cancer was higher for earlier age at first intercourse for both squamous cell p for trend. Perception and risk factors for cervical cancer among.
Sep 11, 2015 visual inspection with acetic acid or lugol solution has been shown to be effective for cervical cancer screening in low resource settings. Different organizations have looked at the scientific evidence, risks, and benefits of cervical cancer screening. Some of them cause a type of growth called papillomas, which are more commonly known as warts. Infection by the human papillomavirus hpv is the most important risk factor for cervical cancer. However, this does not mean that every hpv infection will lead to cervical cancer. The most common cause of cervical cancer is hpv human papillomavirus infection. Human papillomavirus is transmitted through sexual contact. A number of risk factors for cervical cancer are linked to exposure to the human papilloma virus hpv. Developed countries have achieved high reductions in cervical cancer incidence and mortality due to effective screening with papanicolaou pap smears 4.
Known risk factors including multiple sexual partners, human papillomavirus infection, and early onset of sexual activity, were recognized by 88 %, 82 %, and 78% of respondents respectively. The aim of this study was to investigate risk factors for cervical cancer in turkish women. Pdf incidence, mortality and risk factors of cervical. In a hospitalbased casecontrol st udy in stanbul, 209 patients with histologically confirmed cervical cancer were compared with 1050 controls, who were admitted to the different departments of the same hospital. Cdc offers scientifically accurate information about cervical cancer in a variety of formats.
Some may be genetic and others are environmental or behavioral. Not all women with hpv infection, however, will develop cervical cancer. Cervical cancer causes and risk factors in addition to the main cause of cervical cancer, an hpv infection, there are several other risk factors that contribute to the disease. Human papillomavirus hpv may help prevent cervical cancer further. However, knowledge about symptoms and risk factors of cervical cancer remains relatively poor. Knowledge of risk factors and practice of preventive measures among female primary school teachers in urban anambra state, nigeria article pdf available january 2016 with 196. See more gynecologic cancer resources video icon videos. Despite the prevalence of cervical cancer in the world and in our country in particular, the risk factors for its occurrence.
22 1164 941 327 1256 1213 522 1002 1032 697 528 1236 540 896 842 963 620 1275 1200 517 452 838 413 731 1402 932 1240 140